golang的多线程固然好用,但是有时候需要对数据进行上锁,防止数据被其它线程更改。那么sync包下的Mutex非常好用。
Mutex是一个互斥锁。可以作为struct的一部分,这样这个struct就会防止被多线程更改数据。
来个例子:
package main
import (
"fmt"
"sync"
"time"
)
type User struct {
Name string
Locker *sync.Mutex
}
func (u *User) SetName(wati *sync.WaitGroup, name string) {
defer func() {
fmt.Println("Unlock set name:", name)
u.Locker.Unlock()
wati.Done()
}()
u.Locker.Lock()
fmt.Println("Lock set name:", name)
time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
u.Name = name
}
func (u *User) GetName(wati *sync.WaitGroup) {
defer func() {
fmt.Println("Unlock get name:", u.Name)
u.Locker.Unlock()
wati.Done()
}()
u.Locker.Lock()
fmt.Println("Lock get name:", u.Name)
time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
}
func main() {
user := User{}
user.Locker = new(sync.Mutex)
wait := &sync.WaitGroup{}
names := []string{"a", "b", "c"}
for _, name := range names {
wait.Add(2)
go user.SetName(wait, name)
go user.GetName(wait)
}
wait.Wait()
}
输出结果:
Lock set name: a
Unlock set name: a
Lock get name: a
Unlock get name: a
Lock set name: b
Unlock set name: b
Lock get name: b
Unlock get name: b
Lock set name: c
Unlock set name: c
Lock get name: c
Unlock get name: c
程序很简单,就是防止在读取姓名的时候,被其它线程更改。这个程序还有些问题,不过总得来说,就是想演示一下Mutex的用途。可以让一个struct只被一个线程操作,而其它的线程就会阻塞。
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