go作为Google大佬的亲儿子,go开发过程中除了SDK自带的包外还经常会需要用到大佬提供的其他包,这些包都在golang.org下,而下载这些包需要访问大佬的服务器,国内开发者就会遇到各种墙的问题,今天就给大家总结一下有哪些途径安装这些包.

1. VPN

    如果有条件的,公司能够提供稳定可靠的vpn,建议使用VPN,当然也有一些免费的vpn,实测效果很不好

2. gopm

   gopm是一个开源的GoPackage Manager的管理工具,在go mod之前比较好使,github地址:https://github.com/gpmgo/gopm

   使用思路:

  1. 安装gopm

go get -u github.com/gpmgo/gopm

go install gopm

 2. 使用gopm安装golang.org包

gopm get golang.org/x/net

实测这个效果在1.11版本后不好使

3. install form github

思路: Google大佬知道很多开发者因为环境限制不能访问golang.org的包,所以这些包在github上都有Copy,但是只是Copy,其中的包依赖还是golang.org,所以目前不能像gopm那样一键全部安装,但是实测可用,接下来以grpc为例,说明如果解决go package 依赖问题.

1. 当前环境

执行go env,主要看两个参数, GOPATH和GOROOT

D:\GoProject>go env
set GOPATH=D:\GoProject
set GOROOT=D:\Go

我的GOPATH目录的src目录如下:

2. 无VPN安装GRPC

grpc的quickstart地址:https://grpc.io/docs/quickstart/go.html

新开一个terminal,执行

go get -u google.golang.org/grpc

D:\GoProject>go get -u google.golang.org/grpc
package google.golang.org/grpc: unrecognized import path "google.golang.org/grpc" (https fetch: Get https://google.golang.org/grpc?go-get=1: d
dial tcp 216.239.37.1:443: connectex: A connection attempt failed because the connected party did not properly respond after a period of tim dial tcp 216.239.37.1:443: connectex: A connection attempt failed because the connected party did not properly respond after a period of ti
me, or established connection failed because connected host has failed to respond.)
package google.golang.org/grpc: unrecognized import path "google.golang.org/grpc" (https fetch: Get https://google.golang.org/grpc?go-get=1: dial tcp 216.239.37.1:443: connectex: A connection attempt failed because the connected party did not properly respond after
 a period of time, or established connection failed because connected host has failed to respond.)

很明显,直接提示网络不通

3. 下载grpc-go源码

D:\GoProject\src>git clone https://github.com/grpc/grpc-go ./google.golang.org/grpc
Cloning into './google.golang.org/grpc'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 7, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (7/7), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (7/7), done.
remote: Total 14988 (delta 1), reused 1 (delta 0), pack-reused 14981
Receiving objects: 100% (14988/14988), 7.38 MiB | 344.00 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (9466/9466), done.

4. go install grpc

D:\GoProject\src>go install google.golang.org/grpc
google.golang.org\grpc\internal\transport\controlbuf.go:27:2: cannot find package "golang.org/x/net/http2" in any of:
        D:\Go\src\golang.org\x\net\http2 (from $GOROOT)
        D:\GoProject\src\golang.org\x\net\http2 (from $GOPATH)
google.golang.org\grpc\internal\transport\controlbuf.go:28:2: cannot find package "golang.org/x/net/http2/hpack" in any of:
        D:\Go\src\golang.org\x\net\http2\hpack (from $GOROOT)
        D:\GoProject\src\golang.org\x\net\http2\hpack (from $GOPATH)
google.golang.org\grpc\server.go:36:2: cannot find package "golang.org/x/net/trace" in any of:
        D:\Go\src\golang.org\x\net\trace (from $GOROOT)
        D:\GoProject\src\golang.org\x\net\trace (from $GOPATH)
google.golang.org\grpc\status\status.go:37:2: cannot find package "google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc/status" in any of:
        D:\Go\src\google.golang.org\genproto\googleapis\rpc\status (from $GOROOT)
        D:\GoProject\src\google.golang.org\genproto\googleapis\rpc\status (from $GOPATH)

提示缺少golang.org/x/net 和google.golang.org/genproto这两个包

5. 安装golang.org/x/net包和genproto包

在github中找到go组织,搜索到net包如下

D:\GoProject\src>git clone https://github.com/golang/net.git ./golang.org/x/net
Cloning into './golang.org/x/net'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 13, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (13/13), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (8/8), done.
remote: Total 8291 (delta 5), reused 10 (delta 5), pack-reused 8278
Receiving objects: 100% (8291/8291), 6.47 MiB | 448.00 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (5758/5758), done.

D:\GoProject\src>git clone https://github.com/google/go-genproto.git ./google.golang.org/genproto
Cloning into './google.golang.org/genproto'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 1474, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (1474/1474), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (763/763), done.
remote: Total 11217 (delta 611), reused 1474 (delta 611), pack-reused 9743
Receiving objects: 100% (11217/11217), 15.98 MiB | 451.00 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (5695/5695), done.
Checking out files: 100% (1268/1268), done.

6. go install grpc

D:\GoProject\src>go install google.golang.org/grpc
golang.org\x\net\idna\idna.go:23:2: cannot find package "golang.org/x/text/secure/bidirule" in any of:
        D:\Go\src\golang.org\x\text\secure\bidirule (from $GOROOT)
        D:\GoProject\src\golang.org\x\text\secure\bidirule (from $GOPATH)
golang.org\x\net\idna\idna.go:24:2: cannot find package "golang.org/x/text/unicode/bidi" in any of:
        D:\Go\src\golang.org\x\text\unicode\bidi (from $GOROOT)
        D:\GoProject\src\golang.org\x\text\unicode\bidi (from $GOPATH)
golang.org\x\net\idna\idna.go:25:2: cannot find package "golang.org/x/text/unicode/norm" in any of:
        D:\Go\src\golang.org\x\text\unicode\norm (from $GOROOT)
        D:\GoProject\src\golang.org\x\text\unicode\norm (from $GOPATH)

我们发现又缺少text包,go on...

D:\GoProject\src>git clone https://github.com/golang/text.git ./golang.org/x/text
Cloning into './golang.org/x/text'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 32, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (32/32), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (20/20), done.
remote: Total 5612 (delta 11), reused 32 (delta 11), pack-reused 5580
Receiving objects: 100% (5612/5612), 19.67 MiB | 442.00 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (3732/3732), done.

D:\GoProject\src>go install google.golang.org/grpc

D:\GoProject\src>

7. 测试安装

基本上go install没有提示错误,grpc就算安装好了,我们现在拿grpc里的example来测试下

// 先启动server
D:\GoProject\src>go run google.golang.org/grpc/examples/helloworld/greeter_server/main.go
2019/03/13 10:50:11 Received: world
//后启动client
D:\GoProject\src>go run google.golang.org/grpc/examples/helloworld/greeter_client/main.go
2019/03/13 10:50:11 Greeting: Hello world