近些年go语言越来越多的被用在公司的开发中，同时学习go语言的朋友越来越多，小猿圈也为了跟上时代的脚步，给大家整理一些用go语言实现协程安全的几种方式。
1.channel - monitor goroutine
var deposits =make(chan int) // send amount to deposit
var balances =make(chan int) // receive balance
func Deposit(amountint) { deposits <- amount }
func Balance()int { return <-balances }
func teller() {
var balance int // balance is confined toteller goroutine
for {
select {
case amount := <-deposits:
balance += amount
case balances <- balance:
}
}
}
func init() {
go teller() // start the monitor goroutine
}
2.channel - serial confinement
type Cake struct{state string }
func baker(cookedchan<- *Cake) {
for {
cake := new(Cake)
cake.state = "cooked"
cooked <- cake // baker nevertouches this cake again
}
}
func icer(icedchan<- *Cake, cooked <-chan *Cake) {
for cake := range cooked {
cake.state = "iced"
iced <- cake // icer nevertouches this cake again
}
}
3.mutual exclusion
import"sync"
var mu sync.Mutex // guards balance
var balance int
func Deposit(amountint) {
mu.Lock()
balance = balance + amount
mu.Unlock()
}
func Balance() int{
mu.Lock()
defer mu.Unlock()
return balance
}
4.mutual exclusion - RWMutex
import"sync"
var mu sync.RWMutex // guards balance
var balance int
func Deposit(amountint) {
mu.Lock()
balance = balance + amount
mu.Unlock()
}
func Balance() int{
mu.RLock() //readers lock
defer mu.RUnlock()
return balance
}
RLock允许读取并行，写入和读取完全互斥，多次读取，一次写入
5.Lazy Initialization - sync.Once
var loadIconsOncesync.Once
var iconsmap[string]image.Image
//Concurrency-safe.
func Icon(namestring) image.Image {
loadIconsOnce.Do(loadIcons)
return icons[name]
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