Go Restfull Api

安装依赖

go get -u github.com/gorilla/mux

创建项目

git clone your-repository
cd your-repository
go mod init github.com/user/your-repository

文档https://golang.org/doc/code.html

用vscode打开

如果提示是否安装插件，选择全部安装

运行

go run main.go

编译

go build

完整代码

package main

import (
    "encoding/json"
    "log"
    "math/rand"
    "net/http"
    "strconv"

    "github.com/gorilla/mux"
)

// Book Struct (Model)
type Book struct {
    ID     string  `json:"id"`
    Isbn   string  `json:"isbn"`
    Title  string  `json:"title"`
    Author *Author `json:"author"`
}

// Author Struct (Model)
type Author struct {
    Firstname string `json:"firstname"`
    Lastname  string `json:"lastname"`
}

// Init books var as slice Book struct
var books []Book

// Get All Books
func getBooks(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
    json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(books)
}

// Get Single Book
func getBook(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
    params := mux.Vars(r)
    for _, item := range books {
        if item.ID == params["id"] {
            json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(item)
            return
        }
    }
    // return a empty book when not found
    json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(&Book{})
}

// Create a New Book
func createBook(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
    var book Book
    _ = json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&book)
    // 生成id
    book.ID = strconv.Itoa(rand.Intn(100000000))
    books = append(books, book)
    // return the book created
    json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(book)

}

// Update a Book
func updateBook(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
    params := mux.Vars(r)
    for index, item := range books {
        if item.ID == params["id"] {

            books = append(books[:index], books[index+1:]...)

            var book Book
            _ = json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&book)

            book.ID = params["id"]
            books = append(books, book)
            // return the book created
            json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(book)

            return
        }

    }
    json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(books)
}

// Delete a Book
func deleteBook(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
    params := mux.Vars(r)
    for index, item := range books {
        if item.ID == params["id"] {
            books = append(books[:index], books[index+1:]...)
            break
        }

    }
    json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(books)

}

func main() {
    r := mux.NewRouter()
    books = append(books, Book{ID: "1", Isbn: "13824", Title: "Book1", Author: &Author{Firstname: "abc", Lastname: "edf"}})
    books = append(books, Book{ID: "2", Isbn: "13824", Title: "Book2", Author: &Author{Firstname: "abc", Lastname: "edf"}})
    books = append(books, Book{ID: "3", Isbn: "13824", Title: "Book3", Author: &Author{Firstname: "abc", Lastname: "edf"}})

    // Route Handlers / Endpoints
    r.HandleFunc("/api/books", getBooks).Methods("GET")
    r.HandleFunc("/api/books/{id}", getBook).Methods("GET")
    r.HandleFunc("/api/books", createBook).Methods("POST")
    r.HandleFunc("/api/books/{id}", updateBook).Methods("PUT")
    r.HandleFunc("/api/books/{id}", deleteBook).Methods("DELETE")
    // 打印严重错误
    log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8000", r))

}

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