分享一个使用`Go`编写的极简单的Demo案例,为什么要分享呢?涉及到几个小知识点
1. `Go mod`的使用
2. GO中如何导入包
3. 通过Go简单的演示分层构建
4. 演示如何编写一个自动化构建的脚本式Jenkinfile.
## 1. `Go mod`如何使用
我们准备一个apis模块,在该模块中实现一个打印字符串的函数`Says(str string)`:所以
```go
mkdir apis
cat << EOF > ./apis.go
package apis
import "fmt"
func Says(str string) {
fmt.Printf("hello,%s", name)
}
```
然后我们初始化一下`go mod`
```bash
go env -w GO111MODULE="auto"
go mod init code.kubemaster.top/DevOpsTeam/apis
# 此时查看一下mod文件的内容为:
cat go.mod
module code.kubemaster.top/DevOpsTeam/apis
go 1.14
```
然后工作区内生成一个`go.mod`文件
![](https://pic.downk.cc/item/5ebd5b54c2a9a83be59d705f.png)
然后我们初始化提交到代码仓库中即可,代码仓库的地址为`https://code.kubemaster.top/DevOpsTeam/apis.git`,
## 2. 如何导入包
接下来应该编写Demo了,Demo依赖`apis`模块实现功能,Demo的文件名为`main.go`:
```go
package main
import "code.kubemaster.top/DevOpsTeam/apis"
func main() {
apis.Says("云原生·生态圈\n")
}
```
这里有个注意的地方:
当程序调用的模块与模块的文件名不一致的时候,需要通过`别名`引入,否则直接`import`即可:
```go
# 实际上模块名为apis,但是此处文件名是api,所以需要通过别名解决
import m_api "code.kubemaster.top/DevOpsTeam/api"
```
当需要运行和构建`main.go`的时候:
```bash
go get -insecure code.kubemaster.top/DevOpsTeam/apis
go run main.go
```
到这里基本上就明确`go mod`的基础使用了,然后我们将其提交代码到代码仓库:`https://code.kubemaster.top/DevOpsTeam/goci.git`。
## 3. 应该怎样构建Go程序
使用Docker构建镜像,首先要准备一个`Dockerfile`,仔细思考一下,Go编写的程序会直接编译成指定编译架构的二进制文件,所以我们可以通过分层构建的方式首先在Go的环境中进行构建,再把构建后的二进制文件拷贝到微小镜像内,以便减小镜像的体积,下面写了一个Dockerfile的案例:
```yaml
FROM golang:1.14 as builder
WORKDIR /go/src/code.kubemaster.top/DevOpsTeam/demos/
ARG ARCH="amd64"
ARG OS="linux"
COPY main.go .
RUN go get -insecure code.kubemaster.top/DevOpsTeam/apis && \
CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux go build -a -installsuffix cgo -o main .
FROM alpine:latest
WORKDIR /root/
COPY --from=builder /go/src/code.kubemaster.top/DevOpsTeam/demos/ .
CMD [ "./main" ]
```
在镜像编译后,镜像的体积为`7.69M`,在`Dockerfile`准备好之后,我们把Dockerfile提交到`goci`的代码仓库内。下面我们就可以配置一下Jenkinsfile,以便于我们持续构建了
## 4. 通过Jenkinsfile实现持续构建
这里简单的通过脚本式`pipeline`实现服务的持续构建,很简单,但也是一个完整的基础框架:
```yaml
pipeline {
agent any
environment {
registry = "registry-vpc.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubemaster/gocodecitestdemo"
registryCredential = '854bfe2f-7923-48a5-9156-7be54cc38a88'
}
stages {
stage('Cloning Git') {
steps {
git 'https://code.kubemaster.top/DevOpsTeam/goci.git'
}
}
stage('Building image') {
steps{
script {
dockerImage = docker.build registry + ":$BUILD_NUMBER"
}
}
}
stage('Testing Image'){
steps{
sh "docker run --rm $registry:$BUILD_NUMBER"
}
}
stage('Deploy Image') {
steps{
script {
docker.withRegistry('https://registry-vpc.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com', registryCredential ) {
dockerImage.push()
}
}
}
}
stage('Remove Unused docker image') {
steps{
sh "docker rmi $registry:$BUILD_NUMBER"
}
}
}
}
```
在完成`Jenkinsfile`的准备工作后,依旧提交到`goci`代码仓库内,然后我们在jenkins上配置即可:
首先准备`Jenkins job`配置的`xml`配置文件`goci.xml`:
```xml
<?xml version='1.1' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<flow-definition plugin="workflow-job@2.36">
<actions>
<org.jenkinsci.plugins.pipeline.modeldefinition.actions.DeclarativeJobAction plugin="pipeline-model-definition@1.5.0"/>
<org.jenkinsci.plugins.pipeline.modeldefinition.actions.DeclarativeJobPropertyTrackerAction plugin="pipeline-model-definition@1.5.0">
<jobProperties/>
<triggers/>
<parameters/>
<options/>
</org.jenkinsci.plugins.pipeline.modeldefinition.actions.DeclarativeJobPropertyTrackerAction>
</actions>
<description></description>
<keepDependencies>false</keepDependencies>
<properties>
<com.dabsquared.gitlabjenkins.connection.GitLabConnectionProperty plugin="gitlab-plugin@1.5.13">
<gitLabConnection></gitLabConnection>
</com.dabsquared.gitlabjenkins.connection.GitLabConnectionProperty>
<org.jenkinsci.plugins.gitlablogo.GitlabLogoProperty plugin="gitlab-logo@1.0.5">
<repositoryName></repositoryName>
</org.jenkinsci.plugins.gitlablogo.GitlabLogoProperty>
<com.synopsys.arc.jenkinsci.plugins.jobrestrictions.jobs.JobRestrictionProperty plugin="job-restrictions@0.8"/>
</properties>
<definition class="org.jenkinsci.plugins.workflow.cps.CpsScmFlowDefinition" plugin="workflow-cps@2.78">
<scm class="hudson.plugins.git.GitSCM" plugin="git@4.1.1">
<configVersion>2</configVersion>
<userRemoteConfigs>
<hudson.plugins.git.UserRemoteConfig>
<url>https://code.kubemaster.top/DevOpsTeam/goci.git</url>
<credentialsId>73a21ee2-2cdb-4658-8f99-309a3b77f2d4</credentialsId>
</hudson.plugins.git.UserRemoteConfig>
</userRemoteConfigs>
<branches>
<hudson.plugins.git.BranchSpec>
<name>*/master</name>
</hudson.plugins.git.BranchSpec>
</branches>
<doGenerateSubmoduleConfigurations>false</doGenerateSubmoduleConfigurations>
<submoduleCfg class="list"/>
<extensions/>
</scm>
<scriptPath>Jenkinsfile</scriptPath>
<lightweight>true</lightweight>
</definition>
<triggers/>
<disabled>false</disabled>
```
然后,我们就可以创建构建job和执行触发构建了:
```bash
# 获取jenkins-crumb
crumb=$(curl -u "admin:admin" -s 'http://jenkins.kubemaster.top/crumbIssuer/api/xml?xpath=concat(//crumbRequestField,":",//crumb)')
# 创建job
curl -X POST "http://admin:admin@jenkins.kubemaster.top/createItem?name=goci" --data-binary "@goci.xml" -H "Content-Type: text/xml" -H ${jenkins_crumb}
# 执行job
curl -X POST -u admin:admin -H ${jenkins_crumb} http://jenkins.kubemaster.top/job/goci/build
```
看到这里,基本上就结束了,基本上在实践中完成了Demo的编写,容器化构建,持续构建相关环节,下面我们看一下构建的结果:
构建的视图:
![](https://pic.downk.cc/item/5ebd66d1c2a9a83be5abdb17.png)
完成的构建的日志:
![](https://pic.downk.cc/item/5ebd66a5c2a9a83be5aba4e5.png)
![](https://pic.downk.cc/item/5e6cce51e83c3a1e3a41b83f.png)
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